Americans Need to Understand Derivative Markets

Derivative markets are complex. While they haveareas of the economy are dependent on the
become necessary for our large economy toderivatives market. The stock market lost 50% of its
function, they also present huge risks.value as a result. For those who are in doubt, please
First of all, derivatives are a class of investment.consider that the size of the underlying real estate
They are mostly contracts based on marketmarket is not sufficient to move the broader market
movements. These contracts are for a specificin this way.
period of time. So why are they necessary? MostDerivative markets are unregulated. They exist
importantly, they allow money to flow at higherwithout any central authority. Why is this bad?
levels which is needed to support an economy theDerivatives markets are so large, they can upset the
size of the United States. Without derivatives, banksdelicate balance of capital and trade. Unfortunately,
would not be able to operate in today's environment.they are created and sold with only a perception of
They need a continuous flow of money to survive.value based on the markets themselves. This is
Derivatives are also used to reduce risk. Hedge fundsdangerous as they are now layered so deeply that
are an example of derivatives that are used tono one really knows what they are worth. It is based
offset the risk of traditional investments such ason pure speculation.
stocks. They have a stabilizing influence that allowsI believe that we need some form of exchange to
markets to trade at much higher levels.handle derivatives and some form of oversight to
It may be difficult to understand, but our recentprevent abuse. I am not for big government, but this
financial crisis was caused by the derivatives market.is not a black and white issue. It requires a great deal
In particular, credit default swaps were sold as aof understanding without political influence. I am
form of insurance to protect investors against lossessomewhat troubled by the tendency of the
in mortgage backed securities. These instrumentsAmerican people to rally around partisan rhetoric,
were sold in many layers that created a marketcalling for one extreme or the other. In this particular
bubble with little regard for the valuation of thecase, an extreme in either direction will be disastrous.
underlying securities. This created a panic as other